论文部分内容阅读
目的:为了解上海市现制饮料行业的现状,调查分析现制饮料食品安全风险,评价风险对消费人群的影响,为科学制定现制饮料监管政策提供依据。方法:随机调查6个区县240户现制饮料制售单位,13所学校470名学生,2599名普通消费者。结果:240户单位共涉及87个品牌,主要分布在学校/教育机构附近或商业街区内。仅制售现榨饮料的单位占5.8%、仅制售现调饮料的单位占75.0%、两者均制售的占19.2%。3317种现制饮料中,5.5%为热加工产品,19.7%为冷加工现榨饮料,74.8%为冷加工现调饮料。夏秋季每户日均制售约110杯,冬春季每户日均制售约90杯。150件现制饮料样品抽检结果表明:菌落总数、大肠埃希氏菌合格率为93.3%;防腐剂、人工合成色素等食品添加剂指标合格率为99.3%;砷和重金属、亚硝酸盐、脲酶、氰化物、展青霉素等理化指标的合格率均为100%。人群调查表明,43.6%的调查对象1年内饮用过现制饮料,1.5%的调查对象24小时之内喝过现制饮料,平均饮用量为283m L。青少年调查表明最喜爱饮用奶茶类饮料。现调饮料反式脂肪酸检出均值为0.293g/100g,结合消费量调查结果,消费者饮用500g(m L)现调饮料(主要添加奶精的奶茶类)摄入反式脂肪酸约1.5g。讨论:统一行政管理标准。提高准入门槛,加强法律法规的宣贯,落实地方标准各项要求。加强操作指导,提升行业规范化管理程度,严把原料采购,杜绝劣质产品流入消费链。广泛开展风险交流,引导消费者客观、辩证看待调查结果,积极开展健康教育的宣传,引导消费者科学食用现制饮料。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the status quo of beverage industry in Shanghai now, investigate and analyze the safety risk of beverage and food, evaluate the impact of risk on consumer groups, and provide basis for scientifically formulating the current beverage regulatory policy. Methods: Randomly surveyed 240 households in 6 districts and counties, producing and selling drinks units, 470 students in 13 schools and 2599 ordinary consumers. Results: A total of 240 units involved 87 brands, mainly in the vicinity of schools / educational institutions or commercial blocks. Only the unit producing and selling squeezed beverages accounted for 5.8%, and only those producing and selling beverages accounted for 75.0%, both of which accounted for 19.2% of the sales. Among the 3317 kinds of ready-made beverages, 5.5% are hot-processed products, 19.7% are cold-processed ex-pressed beverages, and 74.8% are cold-processed excipients. In summer and autumn, each household produces and sells about 110 cups per day on average. In winter and spring, the daily average selling and selling of each household is about 90 cups. The sampling results of 150 existing beverage samples showed that the total number of colonies was 93.3%, the passing rate of Escherichia coli was 93.3%, the pass rate of food additives such as preservatives and synthetic pigments was 99.3%, the contents of arsenic and heavy metals, nitrite, urease, Cyanide, patulin and other physical and chemical indicators of the pass rate was 100%. The population survey showed that 43.6% of the respondents drank the existing beverages within 1 year and 1.5% of the respondents drank fresh drinks within 24 hours, with an average of 283 m L. Teenagers survey shows that most like to drink milk tea drinks. The average value of trans-fatty acids detected in the beverages was 0.293g / 100g. Consumption of dietary survey results showed that consumers consumed about 1.5g of trans-fatty acids when they consumed 500g (m L) of ready-to-drink beverages (mainly milk tea with creamer). Discussion: Unified administrative standards. Improve the access threshold, strengthen the publicity of laws and regulations, the implementation of local standards and requirements. Strengthen operational guidance, enhance the standardization of the industry management, strict procurement of raw materials, eliminate bad products into the consumer chain. Extensive exchange of risks, guide consumers objective, dialectical view of the findings, and actively carry out health education advocacy, and guide consumers to consume food science now.