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国外铁路客车以提高速度、乘坐舒适性和安全性为目标进行技术开发。其中在提高客车转向架的性能方面:(1)直线上高速走行时,抑制蛇行运动和提高舒适性;(2)曲线上高速通过时,降低侧向力、减少轮轨间的磨耗和提高舒适性;(3)为减轻对轨道的影响而实现轻量化等。本文介绍主要国家的客车转向架各部分构造特点、代表性的转向架型式和提高曲线通过速度的摆式转向架。必须指出,各国客车转向架的技术是以生活、文化条件、地理条件和技术储备等为背景的,因而各有其特征。
Foreign railway passenger cars to improve speed, ride comfort and safety as the goal of technological development. Among them, in improving the performance of the passenger car bogie: (1) when on the straight line, it can restrain the meandering motion and improve the comfort; (2) when the curve passes at high speed, reduce the lateral force, reduce the wear between wheel and rail and improve the comfort (3) To reduce the impact on the track and achieve weight reduction. This article describes the structural characteristics of the various parts of the bus bogies in major countries, the typical bogie type, and the pendulum bogie that increases the speed of curve passing. It must be pointed out that the technology of bus bogies in various countries is based on their living conditions, cultural conditions, geographical conditions and technical reserves. Therefore, they all have their own characteristics.