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最高限价监管是当前世界各国常用的以法规为基础的价格监管方法。最高限价监管最初在英国称为“RPI一X”。英国政府为了找到科学的控制垄断企业价格的办法,委托伯明翰大学商学院教授LittleChild设计的价格监管模型。LittleChild认为竞争是反对垄断、保护消费者利益的最好手段,直接控制价格不是理想办法,因为价格不断下降会降低投资者的激励。因此价格监管的目标应该把价格和利润保持在既公平合理又保持对运营商激励的水平上。
The ceiling price regulation is commonly used by countries all over the world to regulate the price based on the method of regulation. The ceiling regulation was originally called “RPI-X” in the United Kingdom. In order to find a scientific way to control the price of monopolies, the British government commissioned the price regulation model designed by LittleChild, a professor at the Birmingham University Business School. LittleChild believes that competition is the best way to oppose the monopoly and protect the interests of consumers. It is not the ideal way to control the price directly because the falling price will lower the investor’s incentive. The goal of price regulation should therefore be to keep prices and profits at levels that are both fair and reasonable and motivated by operators.