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优质的电力供应应该提供具有正弦波形的电压但实际供电电压的波形会由于某些原因而偏离正弦波形即存在谐波。供电系统中的谐波是指一些频率为基波频率(在我国取工业用电频率50HZ为基波频率)整数倍的正弦波分量又称为高次谐波。供电系统中产生谐波的根本原因是由于给具有非线性阻抗特性的电气设备(又称为非线性负荷)供电的结果。这些非线性负荷在工作时向电源反馈高次谐波导致供电系统的电压、电流波形畸变使电力质量变坏。因此谐波是电力质量的重要指标。
A good power supply should supply a voltage with a sinusoidal waveform, but the waveform of the actual supply voltage will deviate from the sine waveform for some reason, ie there is harmonics. Harmonic power supply system refers to some of the fundamental frequency of the frequency (in our country to take the industrial frequency 50HZ as the fundamental frequency) integer times the sine wave component, also known as higher harmonics. The fundamental cause of harmonics in a power system is the result of powering an electrical device (also known as a non-linear load) with a nonlinear impedance characteristic. These non-linear load feedback to the power supply in the work of higher harmonics lead to the power supply system voltage, current waveform distortion so that power quality deterioration. Harmonic is therefore an important indicator of power quality.