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目的对密胺餐具中三聚氰胺和甲醛迁移量进行调查研究,并对数据进行分析。方法在上海的企业和消费市场采集密胺餐具共40份,采用红外光谱法进行材料鉴别,依照GB 4806.7—2016《食品安全国家标准食品接触用塑料材料及制品》和GB 31604.1—2015《食品安全国家标准食品接触材料及制品迁移试验通则》进行迁移试验,测定三聚氰胺和甲醛迁移量。结果密胺餐具存在材质未标识、标识不清或标识有误的现象;脲醛树脂中三聚氰胺和甲醛的迁移量均高于密胺树脂,且迁出量与温度呈正相关。结论脲醛树脂应用于餐具存在风险,国家标准中有必要增加密胺材质鉴定检测方法。
Objective To investigate the melamine and formaldehyde migration in melamine tableware and analyze the data. Methods A total of 40 melamine tablewares were collected in the enterprises and consumer markets in Shanghai. The materials were identified by infrared spectroscopy. According to GB 4806.7-2016, “Food Safety Standard Food Contact Plastic Materials and Products” and GB 31604.1-2015 “Food Safety National Standard Food Contact Materials and Products Migration Test General ”migration test, determination of melamine and formaldehyde migration. Results Melamine tableware was not identified, identified or marked incorrectly. The migration of melamine and formaldehyde in urea-formaldehyde resin was higher than that of melamine resin, and the amount of migration was positively correlated with temperature. Conclusion Urea-formaldehyde resin used in tableware at risk, the national standard is necessary to increase melamine material identification test methods.