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社会主义制度在我国基本确立以后,毛泽东在推进中国现代化建设实践的过程中,形成了和实施了超高速赶超战略。这一主要特征,从产业结构的角度上看,它是一种把重工业作为突出重点的“倾斜发展战略”;从经济增长方式的角度上看,它是一种以增加生产要素为主要途径的粗放发展战略;从运行机制的角度上看,它是一种以广泛发动群众为主要动力的经济发展战略;从管理体制的角度看,它是一种以地方为主的、分散的、多中心的计划管理战略。形成这种经济发展战略的原因是:国际国内形势的压力;三大改造提前完成的激励;战争年代革命经验的影响。毛泽东赶超战略反映了在经济建设过程中,忽视了经济规律的客观存在,夸大了群众运动的作用,背离了一切从实际出发、实事求是,忽视了科学技术对发展生产力的重要作用。
After the basic establishment of our socialist system in our country, Mao Zedong formed and implemented a strategy of catching up with and surpassing ourselves in the process of promoting the practice of China’s modernization. This main characteristic, from the point of view of industrial structure, is a kind of “oblique development strategy” with emphasis on heavy industry. From the point of view of the mode of economic growth, it is a kind of economic growth mode that mainly increases production factors From the perspective of the operation mechanism, it is an economic development strategy that takes the masses as the main driving force. From the perspective of the management system, it is a kind of local-oriented, decentralized, Multi-center program management strategy. The reasons for the formation of such an economic development strategy are: the pressure of the international and domestic situations; the incentive to be completed ahead of schedule by the three major reforms; and the influence of revolutionary experience during the war years. Mao Zedong’s catch-up strategy reflects the neglect of the objective existence of economic laws during the course of economic construction, exaggerated the role of the mass movement, and departed from all reality-based and fact-based neglect of the important role of science and technology in the development of productive forces.