本文总结了甘肃、陕西丝绸之路沿线33个县市80,745人血红蛋白病的分布特点,该区异常血红蛋白(Hb)平均发生率0.162％,地中海贫血(地贫)0.991％,介于我国北方省区和新疆之间,具有从东向西递增的特点。回族、保安族的发生率较汉族明显增高。Hb病种类也较其他省区复杂,E组异常Hb增多,为今后防治该病特别做好回族的工作提供重要的资料,并结合该地区历史、地理、民族状况和丝绸之路对上述特点和人类遗传结构的影响进行了讨论。 This article summarizes the distribution of hemoglobinopathies in 80,745 people in 33 counties and cities along the Silk Road in Gansu and Shaanxi Provinces. The average incidence of abnormal hemoglobin (Hb) in this area is 0.162% and that of thalassemia (thalassemia) is 0.991% And Xinjiang, with the characteristics of increasing from east to west. The incidence of Hui and Bao’an people was significantly higher than that of Han people. Hb disease is also more complex than other provinces and autonomous regions, E group abnormal Hb increased for the future prevention and treatment of the disease to do a good job in providing important information to the Hui nationality, combined with the history, geography, ethnic status of the region and the Silk Road on the above characteristics and The effects of human genetic structure are discussed.