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为揭示根域调控技术促进根系生长的原理,进一步完善根域调控技术体系,以12年生大田盛果期‘红富士/平邑甜茶’苹果树(Malus×domestica Borkh.‘Red Fuji’/M.hupehensis Rehd.)为试材,分析了“砖土缓冲系统”和“混合土系统”两种根域调控处理下根域土壤的物理性状、土壤肥力、土壤相关酶活性、根系活力、根系构型等的变化差异情况。结果表明:与正常的施肥管理相比,根域调控处理能够显著降低0~40 cm根系集中分布层土壤的容重,增加土壤孔隙度,提高土壤田间持水量及干旱时期土壤含水量;提高土壤有机质、碱解氮和速效钾的含量,且在处理后3年期间一直保持较高的土壤肥力;根域调控还可提高果树根系活力,增加根系密度,尤其以0~1 mm径级的生长根增加最为明显。与混合土系统相比,砖土缓冲系统通过砖的吸水保湿性,改善了周围混合土的环境,对土壤和根系的改良效果进一步提高。
In order to reveal the principle of root zone regulation and control technology to promote root growth and to further improve the system of root zone regulation and control, a 12-year-old Malian × domestica Borkh’’Red Fuji’M. hupehensis Rehd.) were used as materials to analyze the physical properties, soil fertility, soil-related enzyme activities and root activity of root-zone soil under the control of , Root architecture and other changes in the situation. The results showed that compared with the normal fertilization management, the control of root zone could significantly reduce the bulk density of soil with 0-40 cm root distribution, increase the soil porosity, increase the soil water holding capacity in the field and the soil water content in the drought period, and increase the soil organic matter , Available nitrogen and available potassium, and maintained high soil fertility for 3 years after treatment. Root zone regulation could also increase root activity of fruit trees and increase root density, especially in the 0-1 mm diameter root The most obvious increase. Compared with the mixed soil system, the brick and soil buffer system improves the environment of the surrounding mixed soil through the water absorption and moisture retention of the brick, further improving the improvement effect on the soil and the root system.