论文部分内容阅读
20世纪后期劳动力市场出现的“悖论”——劳动力供给和技能溢价同时上升引发了学者对偏向型技术进步的讨论,目前偏向型技术进步作为解释技能溢价演变的重要因素已成为共识,但现有文献并未对其进行系统梳理,本文分析了偏向型技术进步理论的产生、演变和具体内容。数据表明,20世纪后期的技术进步是偏向高技能劳动力的,而19世纪和20世纪前期的技术进步则是偏向于低技能劳动力,进入21世纪,劳动力市场又出现了“极化”特征。对应的理论为外生的技能偏向型技术进步、内生的技能偏向型技术进步和任务偏向型技术进步模型。本文通过介绍偏向型技术进步与技能溢价关系的研究进展,可以为理解工资差距、收入分配的内在机制提供新的参考。
The “Paradox” in the Labor Market in the Late Twentieth Century - The Simultaneous Rising of Labor Supply and Skill Prizes has triggered scholars' discussions on biased-oriented technological progress. At present, biased-oriented technological progress has become the consensus that explains the evolution of the skill premium. However, the existing literature does not systematically sort it out. This article analyzes the generation, evolution and specific content of biased-oriented technological progress theory. The data show that technological progress in the late twentieth century was biased toward highly skilled workforce, while technological progress in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was biased toward low-skilled workforce. In the 21st century, the “polarization” of the labor market appeared again . The corresponding theories are exogenous skill-oriented technological progress, endogenous skill-oriented technological progress and task-oriented technological progress models. By introducing the research progress of the relationship between bias-based technology advancement and skill premium, this article can provide a new reference for understanding the internal mechanism of wage gap and income distribution.