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草菇的传统栽培是以稻、麦草为基质,产量较低。七十年代,国外采用废棉室内栽培草菇,产量大幅度提高。近年来,经我们试种摸索和扩大中试,初步证实,上海地区不仅能利用废棉和棉籽壳室内栽培草菇,而且还能利用塑料大棚、小环棚室外栽培,生物效率达25%左右,高的达50%,与稻草相比,增产近两倍。一、草菇的形态和习性草菇的形态可分为菌丝体和子实体两大部分,二者均由无数丝状菌丝交织而成,成熟的子实体顶端灰黑色有光泽,向下颜色渐浅。菇体由菌盖、菌褶、菌柄、菌托四部分组成。子实体初期呈小球状,逐渐长大,由于菌柄伸长,逐渐由圆形→卵圆形→长卵圆形,最后菌益突破外包幕,菌盖呈伞状,包幕残留在基部称菌托。
The traditional cultivation of straw mushroom rice, wheat straw as a substrate, the yield is low. Seventies, foreign waste straw indoor cultivation of mushrooms, a substantial increase in output. In recent years, we tried to explore and expand the pilot, tentatively confirmed that Shanghai can not only use waste cotton and cotton seed hull cultivation of mushrooms, but also the use of plastic sheds, small shed outdoor cultivation, the biological efficiency of about 25% , Up to 50% higher, compared with straw, nearly tripled. First, the shape and habits of mushrooms Straw mushroom morphology can be divided into two parts of the mycelium and fruiting bodies, both of which are numerous filamentous mycelium intertwined, mature fruiting body top gray black shiny, down color Shallow. Mushroom body by the cover, fold, stipe, bacteria care four parts. Early fruiting bodies of small globules, gradually grew up, due to stipe elongation, and gradually from the round → oval → oval, the last break the benefits of bacteria outside the screen, cover was umbrella-shaped cover remains in the base said Pediatric care.