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本文对沙眼衣原体(Chlamydia trachomatis)感染的流行趋势、沙眼衣原体血清型分布及与疾病之间的关系,以及与沙眼衣原体感染相关的危险因素等进行了综述。沙眼衣原体感染通常无症状或症状很轻,其感染率常因检测方法、检测机构及检测群体的不同而各异。目前已鉴定出19种血清型,不同血清型易感的细胞不同,且与疾病表现及地区分布之间有一定相关性。同时,一些血清型变异株亦已被鉴定。沙眼衣原体感染与年龄、性伴数、性传播疾病(STD)史、机械性避孕、白带异常及社会经济水平等密切相关。
This article reviews the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection, the serotype distribution of Chlamydia trachomatis, the relationship with the disease, and the risk factors associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Chlamydia trachomatis infection is usually asymptomatic or symptoms are very light, the infection rate is often due to detection methods, testing organizations and testing groups vary. So far, 19 serotypes have been identified, and the susceptible cells of different serotypes are different, and have certain correlation with disease performance and regional distribution. In the meantime, some serotype variants have also been identified. Chlamydia trachomatis infection and age, number of partners, sexually transmitted diseases (STD) history, mechanical contraception, vaginal discharge abnormalities and socio-economic level are closely related.