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针对我国北方旱地一年两熟地区免耕播种机堵塞现象和已有主动式防堵装置转速高 (15 0 0 r/m in以上 )、功耗大(单位幅宽达 16～ 41.74k W/m ,含牵引功率 )的现实问题 ,设计了一种新型免耕播种机锯切防堵装置 ,分析了该装置的切割机理 ,应用有限元 A NSYS软件计算了锯齿圆盘切刀的应力分布 ,得出了锯齿圆盘切刀用于玉米秸秆切割的可行性。土槽试验表明 :1)该装置采用逆转式作业 ,兼有无支撑和有支撑两种切割方式 ,切割彻底 ,并能借助刀齿前角和抛撒板将已切断秸秆定向抛送到开沟器后方 ,实现了切割、定向抛撒一体化功能 ;2 )秸秆切碎率随转速和秸秆含水率的增大而增大 ,秸秆含水率高时有利于提高切割质量 ;3)秸秆切碎率在动定刀间隙一定时 ,随前进速度增大而降低 ,小间隙时无漏切和撕皮现象 ,切割质量高 ,功耗小。理论和试验结果表明 :与其他主动式防堵装置相比 ,锯切防堵装置具有良好的切割性能 ,其转速低(6 5 0 r/m in)、功耗小 (单位幅宽为 2 .95 k W/m )、秸秆覆盖量适应性强 ,为改善免耕播种机防堵性能提供了一条新途径。
Aiming at the no-tillage seeder jamming in the two-year dry land in northern China and the high active speed (over 15 0 0 r / m in) of the active anti-blocking device, large power consumption (unit width of 16-41.74kW / m, including traction power), a new sawing and blocking device for no-till planter was designed. The cutting mechanism of this device was analyzed. The stress distribution of serrated disc cutter was calculated by finite element software A NSYS. The feasibility of serrated disc cutter for corn stalk cutting was obtained. Soil trough test shows that: 1) The device uses reverse operation, both without support and support of two cutting methods, cutting thoroughly, and can use knife rake angle and throwing plate has been cut off the straw thrown into the opener The cutting function and the directional throwing function are integrated; 2) the chopping rate of straw increases with the increase of the rotating speed and the moisture content of the straw; when the moisture content of the straw is high, it helps to improve the cutting quality; 3) When the fixed knife gap is certain, it will decrease with the increase of the forward speed, no leakage and peeling phenomenon during the small gap, and the cutting quality is high and the power consumption is small. The theory and experimental results show that the sawing anti-blocking device has a good cutting performance compared with other active anti-blocking devices. The sawing speed is low (650r / min) and the power consumption is small (unit width is 2). 95 k W / m). The adaptability of straw mulching is high, which provides a new way to improve the anti-plugging performance of no-till planter.