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Objective To study the effect of the amniotic membrane on enhancing the proliferation of corneal epithelia and YAC 1 cell.MethodsAfter the primary culture of the rabbits corneal epithelia and YAC 1 cells, they were seeded on the upper surface or stromal matrix side of amniotic membrane respectively. The proliferation results were observed by MTT test.ResultsThe amniotic membrane was found significantly enhancing the proliferation of corneal epithelia on the d1,d3,and d5 after culture. The proliferation rate was 28.93%,23.32%,23.41%(P＜0.05)respectively, but the d7 proliferation rate was 20.72%(P＞0.05).On the d1,d3,d7 after culture,the YAC 1 cells proliferation rate was 34.87%,36.28%,33.86%(P＜0.01)respectively.ConclusionOur results demonstrated that the amniotic membrane could enhance the prolifera tion of both corneal epithelia and YAC 1 cells significantly. Although amniotic membrane has been suggested as an ideal material for reconstruction of ocular surface, special attention should be paid during amniotic membrane transplantation for treating ocular surface lesion resulted from epibulbar tumors.