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如果说,一百年前的文化精英所思考的是如何走向西方,那么一百年后的人文知识分子所犹豫、所怀疑、所思索的是:如何走向自己。十九世纪的世界?那要看你说的是哪一个世界。十九世纪后半叶的维也纳,在斯蒂芬·茨威格的回忆里是一个明亮美好的世界。十九世纪末叶的中国,你可以透过外国人的眼睛来看,譬如一个美国女传教者在一八九五年看见的山西:……街头到处都是皮肤溃烂的人,大脖子的、肢体残缺变形的、瞎了眼的,还有多得无可想像的乞丐……肮脏,令人作呕……一个男人就在我们跟前把裤子脱下来大便,然后蹲在那儿抓身上的虱子……一路上看到的溃烂皮肤和残疾令我们难过极了。
If we say that one hundred years ago the cultural elites pondered how to go to the west, then one hundred years later, the humanistic intellectuals hesitated and doubted wondered how to move towards themselves. The world of the nineteenth century depends on what world you are talking about. Vienna in the second half of the nineteenth century was a bright and beautiful world in the memory of Stephen Zweig. You can look through the eyes of foreigners in China at the end of the nineteenth century. For example, a Shanxi woman saw by a female American preacher in 1895: ... people with skin ulceration, big neck, and limbs Deformed, blind, and unimaginable beggars ... filthy, disgusting ... A man took the stool off of the pants in front of us, and squatted against the lice ... Festering skin and disability seen all the way made us sad.