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本文报告先天性无泪点10例、4例为散发性,6例为同一家系上下两代,均患有1～4个泪小点缺失。手术探查5例7眼中11个缺如泪小点,均伴泪小管阻塞,4例7眼鼻泪管阻塞并慢性泪囊炎。其中第一家系患者尚合并泪液缺乏及掌指纹异常。一散发病例为Down 综合征。本组病例中凡二或二个以上泪点缺如者均伴一或二个鼻泪管阻塞。病例并说明先天性无泪点及泪道阻塞有遗传倾向,符合常染色体显性遗传,外显率完全,表现度各异。本文结合胚胎发育障碍,治疗方法作了讨论。
This article reports 10 cases of congenital absence of tears, 4 cases of sporadic, 6 cases of the same family of upper and lower two generations, all suffering from 1 to 4 tears dot missing. Surgical exploration in 5 cases of 7 eyes 11 missing tears punctate, were associated with lacrimal duct obstruction, 4 cases of nasolacrimal duct obstruction in 7 and chronic dacryocystitis. One of the first family of patients is still a lack of tears and palm abnormalities. A sporadic cases of Down syndrome. In this group of patients, two or more than two tears were accompanied by one or two nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Cases and congenital absence of tears and lacrimal duct obstruction with genetic predisposition, in line with autosomal dominant inheritance, penetrance was complete, the performance of different degrees. This article combines the embryonic developmental disorders, treatment methods are discussed.