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目的对20名健康志愿者的鼻腔结构进行三维重建,并对其气流进行数值模拟,从而了解气流在不同鼻腔中的流动情况。方法根据20名健康志愿者的鼻腔CT影像,用表面重建的方法对其鼻腔结构进行三维重建,用有限单元的方法对三维模型中的气流进行数值模拟。用鼻声反射测量仪对8名志愿者进行测试并记录有关数据。对比鼻声反射测得的曲线和数值模拟的结果,并用流体网络流的理论对得到的结果进行解释。结果从数值模拟结果的速度云图中可以得到每一侧鼻腔中的气流分布情况,气流主要由总鼻道流过,占总流量的50%～77%;从压力云图中可以得到鼻腔不同部位的气压值情况,鼻阈处产生的鼻阻力占鼻腔总鼻阻力的50%～65%,通过对比分析可以得出鼻腔冠状位截面积的变化与气流的速度和压强分布的关系。结论鼻腔中气流的分布不是固定的,每个人的鼻腔结构不同导致了气流分布的不同。
Objective To reconstruct the nasal structure of 20 healthy volunteers and to simulate their airflow so as to understand the airflow in different nasal passages. Methods According to the nasal CT images of 20 healthy volunteers, the nasal structure was reconstructed by surface reconstruction and the airflow in the three-dimensional model was numerically simulated by the finite element method. Eight volunteers were tested with nasal reflectometry and the data recorded. Comparing the results of the curves and numerical simulations of nasal reflections with the theory of fluid network flows, the results obtained are explained. Results The airflow distribution in the nasal cavity of each side can be obtained from the velocity cloud of the numerical simulation results. The air flow mainly flows through the total nasogastric tract, accounting for 50% -77% of the total flow rate. From the pressure cloud map, The nasal resistance at the nasal threshold accounts for 50% ~ 65% of the total nasal resistance of the nasal cavity. The comparative analysis shows that the relationship between the change of nasal coronal cross-sectional area and the airflow velocity and pressure distribution. Conclusion The distribution of airflow in the nasal cavity is not fixed, and the different nasal structure of each person leads to the different airflow distribution.