合作医疗 (ＣＭＳ)是中国农民基本的医疗保障制度 ,是加强贫困地区基本卫生服务的重要策略。《中共中央、国务院关于尽快解决农村贫困人口温饱问题的决定》指出 :“积极发展合作医疗 ,逐步建立农村的基本医疗保障制度 ,减轻农民的医药负担 ,减少因病致贫 ,因病返贫的现象” (１ Cooperative medical care (CMS) is a basic medical insurance system for Chinese farmers and an important strategy for strengthening basic health services in poverty-stricken areas. The “Decision of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and the State Council on Resolving the Problems of the Food and the Poor of Rural Poverty Population” pointed out: "We must actively develop cooperative medical care, gradually establish a basic medical security system in rural areas, reduce the burden on peasants’ medicine, reduce poverty caused by illness, and return to poverty due to illness. ” (1