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膀胱癌是最常见的尿路恶性肿瘤。男性癌中占第5位,女性癌中占第10位,男性患者数与女性患者数之比为3:1。膀胱癌在美国占癌症总病死率的2.5％,1984年死于膀胱癌者约为10700人。膀胱癌的75％～85％为低级的、表浅的肿瘤。与浸润性的膀胱肿瘤相比,浅表膀胱癌有一个较为“良性”的自然发展史。40％～85％局部切除的肿瘤,多在6～12个月内复发,其中19％～25％显示肿瘤级别提高,7％～25％提示有肌肉浸润;另外,有30％～70％的表浅膀胱肿瘤
Bladder cancer is the most common urinary tract malignancy. Males accounted for 5th in male cancers and 10th in females. The ratio of males to females was 3:1. Bladder cancer accounts for 2.5% of the total cancer death rate in the United States, and about 10,700 people died of bladder cancer in 1984. 75% to 85% of bladder cancers are low-grade, superficial tumors. Compared with invasive bladder tumors, superficial bladder cancer has a more “benign” natural history of development. 40% to 85% of locally resected tumors relapsed within 6 to 12 months, among which 19% to 25% showed an increase in tumor grade, and 7% to 25% showed muscle infiltration; in addition, 30% to 70% Superficial bladder tumor