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一、新形势和新问题国务院发布《全民所有制工业交通企业设备管理条例》(简称《条例》)七年来,四川煤炭系统认真贯彻《条例》和《煤炭工业企业设备管理规程》(简称《规程》),并采取了一系列切实可行的措施,在设备管理方面取得了一定的成绩.但是,那时是在计划经济体制下,国家与企业政企难分,产权难清,权责含混,企业主要依靠国家投入和政策性亏损补贴过日子.进入90年代,随着改革的深入,四川国有重点煤矿亏损严重,在激烈的市场竞争中,企业日益处于十分被动的境地.企业的困难恶化了设备管理的环境,突出表现在两个问题上:一是拼设备、吃老本,设备更新资金大幅度削减.如1993年比1992年下降55%,设备更新投入不到折旧提成的1/3,如果考虑涨价因素,设备欠帐达80%以上.由于投入减少,井下电气防爆和提升运输安全设施严重失调,直接影响到煤矿安全生产.二是大修不足,待修上升,设备拆套情况严重.1991年以来,设备大修资金安排数占提成数的一半左右.由于大修基金的提成本身就严重不足,又要还欠帐,如达竹局铁山南煤矿,因无钱检修,矿车完好率降到14.18%.大修不足,待修率上升,设备拆套情况已无法控制.在市场经济的新形势下,面对如此严竣的困难,煤炭工业设备管理怎么改革才能走出困境,重振雄风呢?
I. New Situation and New Issues Since the State Council issued the Regulations on the Management of Equipment under the State-owned Industrial Transport Enterprises (the “Regulations”) for seven years, the Sichuan Coal System conscientiously implemented the Regulations and the Regulations on the Equipment Management of Coal Industry Enterprises (the “Regulations” ), And adopted a series of practical measures to achieve certain results in equipment management.However, at that time, under the planned economy system, state-owned enterprises and enterprises were difficult to distinguish between property rights and rights, Mainly rely on the state investment and policy-based subsidies to survive.With the deepening of reform in the 90’s, state-owned key coal mines in Sichuan suffered serious losses, in the fierce market competition, enterprises are increasingly passive.Enterprises difficulties have worsened the equipment management Environment, prominently displayed on two issues: First, fight equipment, eat the capital, the equipment to update the substantial reduction of funds, such as in 1993 dropped 55% over 1992, equipment upgrades into less than 1/3 depreciation commission, if you consider the rise As a result, the equipment owed more than 80% of the debts, as a result of the decrease in investment, the explosion-proof of underground electrical equipment and the serious imbalance of transportation safety facilities have a direct impact on the safety of coal mines. Second, lack of overhaul, to be repaired, equipment demolition set situation is serious since 1991, the number of equipment overhaul funding arrangements accounted for about half of the commission due to the overhaul of the overhaul fund itself is seriously inadequate, but also owe the debt, such as bamboo Bureau of Tieshan South Coal Mine, due to no money overhaul, the car intact rate dropped to 14.18%. Overhaul, repair rates rise, the demolition of the equipment has been unable to control the situation in the market economy in the face of such severe difficulties , How to reform the management of coal industry equipment to get out of the woods and revive the glory?