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阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征在目前耳鼻喉疾病中发病率日益增高,它以频繁发作的气道梗阻为主要特征,常常伴随着呼吸道气道管径减小,并使呼吸道更易发生进一步的狭窄和塌陷。急性和重复性呼吸暂停的副作用包括氧饱和度降低,胸内压减低,白天嗜睡,自主功能损伤和中枢神经系统损伤。呼吸暂停-减弱及呼吸窘迫检测指标有助于量化疾病的严重程度。呼吸暂停综合症有多种临床表现,其中以白天的嗜睡为主要症状。肥胖是重要发病因素之一。目前较为工人的呼吸暂停综合征包括阻塞性,中枢性和混合型三种,其中阻塞性最为常见。本综述主要从该病的X线表现,诊断和治疗这三个方面进行回顾。
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in the current incidence of otolaryngological disease is increasing, it frequently attacks the airway obstruction as the main feature, often accompanied by decreased airway diameter of the respiratory tract and make the respiratory tract more susceptible to further stenosis and Collapse. Side effects of acute and repetitive apneas include decreased oxygen saturation, decreased intrathoracic pressure, daytime sleepiness, impairment of autonomic function, and central nervous system injury. Apnea-reduced and respiratory distress markers help quantify the severity of the disease. Apnea syndrome has a variety of clinical manifestations, including drowsiness during the day as the main symptom. Obesity is one of the important risk factors. Currently more workers apnea syndrome including obstructive, central and mixed three, of which obstruction is the most common. This review mainly reviews the three aspects of X-ray manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of the disease.