“战略”一词的涵义,在理论家之中不无争议,但在实践者心中却是清楚的。它至少涉及“做什么,如何做、由谁做”这样3个层面,并由此构成“战略管理”的互为补充与加强的完整体系。任何忽视这其中一个或几个层面的做法,最终都会使得战略成为写在纸上,贴在墙上、说在嘴上的花架子,很难产生实效。 The meaning of the word “strategy” is not controversial among theorists, but it is clear to practitioners. It involves at least three levels of “what to do, how to do it and who does it”, and thus constitute the complete system of complementing and strengthening “strategic management”. Any neglect of one or more of these levels will eventually make the strategy a piece of paper that is written on the wall and that the flower stand on the mouth is hard to come into fruition.