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在农业科学研究中,考察作物的特性,往往采取样本的平均数。如测定植株的高度、茎粗、开展度……,总是先取一定数量的样本,分别测定个体的数据,然后综合起来求出平均数,用它来表示該作物羣体的特征。不仅如此,在分析试验結果、核实所得成果的可靠性时,也常采用平均数,或以平均数为基础進行数学分析。如計算产量时,总是先依据重复小区的产量求出平均产量,然后再驗証平均数的正确性,及整个試验的正确性。平均数之所以在試验研究工作中被广泛应用,主要是由于它能以有限样本的特性比較集中地和较为接近地反映羣体的特性。但受土壤差异、处理差异、取样技术錯誤等等因素的影响,要取得较为可靠的平均数並不是轻而易举的。
In agricultural science research, examining crop characteristics often takes the average number of samples. Such as measuring the height of the plant, stem diameter, degree of progress ... ..., always take a certain number of samples, were measured individual data, and then sum up to find the average, use it to represent the characteristics of the crop population. Not only that, when analyzing test results and verifying the reliability of the results obtained, the average is often used, or the average is used as a basis for mathematical analysis. For example, when calculating the yield, the average output is always calculated based on the output of repeated cells. Then the correctness of the average and the correctness of the test are verified. The reason why the average is widely used in experimental research is mainly due to its ability to reflect the characteristics of a population more closely and closely with the properties of a finite sample. However, it is not easy to obtain a more reliable average due to the influence of soil differences, handling differences, sampling technique errors and so on.