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为了辨析地表温度时空分布及其变化对土地利用/土地覆盖变化(land use/cover change,LUCC)的响应,以新疆焉耆盆地为研究区,将Landsat遥感影像数据、气象要素的观测数据和野外采样数据相结合,利用单窗算法和单通道算法反演研究区2000、2009、2011和2015年的地表温度,分析焉耆盆地地表温度时空分布特征,研究LUCC对地表温度的影响。结果表明:1)研究区温度时空分布图主要划分为低温区、中温区和高温区。从时空分布变化上来看,2000年高温区范围减少幅度最大、2009年次之、2015年最小;2009年低温区范围减少幅度最大、2000年次之、2015年最小;2)研究区地表温度的分布具有明显的空间差异性,高温区主要分布在沙漠区和山区与盆地之间的戈壁滩,具有明显的以博斯腾湖为中心的环状分布特点。低温区主要分布在水域、湿地和绿洲等区域;3)在2011年内不同时期不同LUCC的温度变化幅度不一,地表温度在不同下垫面上平均值大小不同,地表温度高低主要表现为沙漠>盐碱地>裸地>小麦-玉米>其他作物>森林>棉花>芦苇湿地>水域。由结果可知,焉耆盆地近十几年地表温度的时空变化与LUCC有着密切关系,农作物的结构、土地利用类型及其面积变化都会影响地表温度的时空分布。
In order to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of surface temperature and its response to land use / cover change (LUCC), taking the Yanqi Basin in Xinjiang as a study area, the data of Landsat remote sensing images, meteorological elements and field sampling The single-window algorithm and single-channel algorithm were used to invert the surface temperature of the study area in 2000, 2009, 2011 and 2015. The temporal and spatial distribution of surface temperature in Yanqi Basin was analyzed to study the influence of LUCC on the surface temperature. The results show that: 1) Spatial and temporal distribution of temperature in the study area is mainly divided into low temperature zone, medium temperature zone and high temperature zone. In terms of the temporal and spatial distribution, the decrease range of the high temperature region in 2000 is the largest, followed by 2009 and the smallest in 2015; the range of low temperature in 2009 is the largest, the second in 2000 and the smallest in 2015; 2) The surface temperature The distribution has obvious spatial difference. The high temperature area is mainly distributed in the desert area and the Gobi Desert between the mountainous area and the basin, and has the obvious annular distribution centering on the Bosten Lake. The low temperature zones are mainly distributed in the waters, wetlands and oases; 3) The temperature changes of different LUCC in different periods are different in different periods in 2011, and the mean values of surface temperature on different underlying surfaces are different. The surface temperature mainly shows as desert> Saline-alkali soil> bare land> wheat-corn> other crops> forest> cotton> reed wetlands> waters. The results show that the temporal and spatial variations of surface temperature in Yanqi Basin are closely related to LUCC over the past ten years. The structure, land use types and area changes of crops affect the temporal and spatial distribution of surface temperature.