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斜拉桥是近廿年来发展起来的新型结构,它利用从桥塔斜向伸出的钢缆索拉吊钢梁或预应力混凝土梁,使梁部形成多支点的弹性支承,能加大桥跨、减低梁高和梁重。以跨度220米的斜拉钢梁桥为例,梁高仅为同跨度钢桁梁的一半,总用钢量减少10％以上。与跨度为100米的预应力混凝土梁比,斜拉预应力混凝土桥的梁重约减轻15％,混凝土和钢筋用量都相应减少很多。斜拉桥具有跨越能力大、结构经济合理、养护简便、外形轻巧、有利于抗风稳定和限制噪音等优点,斜拉缆索还有能加固旧钢梁载重不足的作用。因而修建数量逐年增加,是很有发展前途的新型结构。
Cable-stayed bridge is a new type of structure developed in recent 20 years. It uses steel cable extending obliquely from the tower to hoist steel beam or prestressed concrete beam to form multi-fulcrum elastic support, which can increase the span of bridge, Reduce the beam height and beam weight. Take the 220 m-span cable-stayed steel girder bridge as an example, the girder height is only half of the same span steel truss girder, and the total steel consumption is reduced by more than 10%. Compared with the prestressed concrete beam with a span of 100 meters, the beam weight of the cable-stayed prestressed concrete bridge is reduced by about 15%, and the amount of concrete and steel bar are reduced correspondingly. Cable-stayed bridge has the advantages of large span, economical and reasonable structure, easy maintenance, lightweight appearance, stability to wind and noise, etc. The cable stayed cables can also reinforce the under load of the old steel girders. Therefore, the number of buildings to increase year by year is a promising new structure.