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农田承担了重要的经济、社会和生态功能,为了粮食安全和社会稳定,国家对基本农田采取了严厉的管制制度,造成了管制区内外在发展机会和经济、社会福利方面的一系列不均衡,引发农田生态环境恶化,影响环境公正和社会公平。本文从《基本农田保护条例》对农户从事生产限制的“九不准”出发,以武汉市江夏区为例,根据问卷调研结果,运用期望函数计算基于农户发展受限视角的基本农田生态补偿标准。研究结果显示:(1)江夏区有64.48%的受访农民对于基本农田保护条例的认知程度还处在较为浅层的阶段,近半数农户对限制其从事农业生产限制的“九不准”条例的具体内容认知程度较低;(2)运用期望函数计算得到受访农户的年均基本农田发展受限损失额度为9116.47元/hm2,受限损失额度与农户是否兼业和农户家庭纯收入水平之间呈显著性相关关系;(3)受访农户的基本农田发展受限损失为基础,确立江夏区基本农田生态补偿标准为9116.47元/hm2。
The farmland has taken on important economic, social and ecological functions. In order to ensure food security and social stability, the state has adopted a strict control over basic farmland, resulting in a series of imbalances in development opportunities and economic and social benefits both inside and outside the controlled areas. Lead to agro-ecological deterioration of farmland, affecting environmental justice and social equity. Based on the questionnaire survey results and the expectation function, this paper calculates the basic farmland ecology based on limited perspective of rural households’ development from the “Nine Regulations” of “Regulations on the Protection of Basic Farmland” Compensation standards. The results showed that: (1) 64.48% of the surveyed peasants in Jiangxia District were still at a relatively shallow stage of understanding the regulations for the protection of basic farmland, and nearly half of the peasants were not allowed to restrict their agricultural production restrictions (2) Using the expectation function to calculate the average annual loss of limited basic farmland development for the interviewed households is 9116.47 yuan / hm2, whether the limited loss quota is concurrently with the number of households and the number of farmers (3) Based on the limited loss of basic farmland development of surveyed households, the ecological compensation rate of basic farmland in Jiangxia district was set at 9116.47 yuan / hm2.