信用是市场经济的基础和命脉。从本质上讲,信用是外在强制内化为社会主体自觉的心理取向,是社会主体自我约束的行为准则和基本规范。它既反映了交易主体追求预定目标的道德诚意,也体现了交易主体履行承诺的能力。转型时期,中国之所以会出现社会信用体系的全面危机,除了社会制度变迁过于剧烈的原因以外,还有三个不容忽视的重要因素:一是制度短缺条件下的信用机制转型所造成的真空与漏洞;二是激励结构的缺陷所造成的逆向激励;三是信用监控机制的弱化加剧了信息的不对称。建设信用社会的前提是建立起信用的政府、良性的产权制度以及法治的社会等宏观的基础性条件。 Credit is the foundation and lifeline of the market economy. In essence, credit is internalized by internal compulsion as the conscious psychological orientation of social subjects, and is the code of conduct and basic norms of social subject self-restraint. It not only reflects the moral sincerity of the transaction subject in its pursuit of the predetermined goal, but also reflects the ability of the transaction subject to fulfill its promise. In the transitional period, China experienced the full crisis of the social credit system. Apart from the reasons why the social system is overly drastic, there are three important factors that should not be overlooked. One is the vacuum and loopholes caused by the transition of the credit system under the conditions of the system shortage ; The other is the reverse incentive caused by the defects of the incentive structure; the third is the weakening of credit monitoring mechanism aggravating the asymmetry of information. The prerequisite for building a credit society is to establish macro-basic conditions such as a credit-worthy government, a benign system of property rights, and a society ruled by law.