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以安庆沿江湿地不同历史利用方式(水耕和旱耕)和不同退耕还湖方式(自然水域且水产养殖-白荡湖和自然水域无水产养殖-菜子湖)的湿地土壤为研究对象,分析退耕还湖后土壤理化性质的变化。结果表明,退耕后白荡湖湿地土壤容重、粘粒含量和大多数养分含量均下降,而全磷含量有所增加;退耕后菜子湖湿地土壤粘粒含量和大多数养分含量均增加,而土壤容重和有效磷含量下降;历史水耕的菜子湖湿地土壤除有效磷含量外,土壤粘粒含量和大多数养分含量均显著高于历史旱耕湿地。退耕还湖为自然湿地相对于水产养殖更有利于湿地土壤生态恢复;相对于历史水耕土壤,历史旱耕湿地土壤生态恢复较为缓慢;土壤粘粒、有机质和全氮是评价湿地土壤生态恢复状况的良好指标。
Taking wetlands in different wetlands of Anqing wetland (hydroponic and dry farming) and different ways of returning farmland to lake (natural waters and aquaculture - Bai Dang Lake and aquatic aquaculture in natural waters - Cai Lake) as the research object, Changes of soil physical and chemical properties after returning lake. The results showed that the soil bulk density, clay content and most nutrient contents of Baidanhu wetland decreased with the increase of total phosphorus content after returning farmland, but clay soil content and most of the nutrient contents increased after returning farmland to paddy soil, Bulk density and available phosphorus decreased. Soil moisture, clay content and most of the nutrient content in the history of hydroponic Cai Lake wetland soil were significantly higher than the history of dry farming wetland except available phosphorus content. Returning farmland to lake as wetland is more favorable to the ecological restoration of wetland than that of aquaculture. Compared with historical hydroponic soil, the ecological restoration of soil in the history of dryland wetland is relatively slow. Soil clay, organic matter and total nitrogen are the indicators for evaluating the ecological restoration of wetland soil Good indicator.