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采用三点弯曲法,对SiC颗粒增强铝合金基梯度复合材料的弯曲力学性能进行了研究,提出了梯度复合材料抗弯强度比R1和R2两个新的力学性能评价指标。结果表明:金属基梯度复合材料(MMGC)的弯曲力学性能与其基本组分力学性能的关系不符合ROM法则,材料的抗弯强度和最大挠度强烈地受到SiC颗粒梯度分布方式与弯曲方向的影响;当基体处于受拉侧,高SiC含量组分处于受压侧时,MMGC能充分发挥其性能优势;MMGC在受梯度应力作用下的力学性能优势和其方向性特征受到材料状态、材料宏观不均匀性和微观连续性等因素的影响;MMGC的抗弯强度比R1反映了这类材料的性能优势,而抗弯强度比R2则反映了材料的方向性能特征。
The bending mechanical properties of SiC particle reinforced Al-based gradient composites were studied by three-point bending method. Two new mechanical properties evaluation indexes of flexural strength of gradient composites, R1 and R2, were proposed. The results show that the relationship between the mechanical properties of the MMGC and the mechanical properties of the MMGC does not accord with the ROM rule. The flexural strength and maximum deflection of the MMGC are strongly affected by the gradient distribution and the bending direction of SiC particles. MMGC can give full play to its performance advantages when the matrix is on the tensile side and the high SiC content is on the compression side. The mechanical properties and directional characteristics of MMGC under the gradient stress are influenced by the material state, And the micro-continuity. MMGC flexural strength ratio R1 reflects the performance advantage of these materials, while the flexural strength ratio R2 reflects the directional performance characteristics of the material.