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自然杀伤(NK)细胞受体研究的进展对NK细胞如何选择性的识别和杀伤肿瘤细胞、病毒感染细胞而避免杀伤正常细胞的认识发生了革命性的变化。NK细胞表面的主要抑制性和活化性受体包括杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体,C型凝集素受体家族,自然细胞毒受体等。临床资料显示,异基因骨髓移植中供受者之间杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体-配体错配引发的异源反应性NK细胞活性可以防止白血病细胞复发。本文主要阐述NK细胞的受体是如何调控NK细胞的杀伤活性及调控NK受体-配体间相互作用提高抗肿瘤效应的方法。
Progress in natural killer (NK) cell receptor research has revolutionized the understanding of how NK cells selectively recognize and kill tumor cells, and the virus infects cells to avoid killing normal cells. The major inhibitory and activating receptors on the NK cell surface include killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors, the C-type lectin receptor family, natural cytotoxic receptors and the like. Clinical data show that allogeneic NK cell activity caused by immunoglobulin-like receptor-ligand mismatches between donors in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation can prevent the recurrence of leukemia cells. This article focuses on how NK cell receptors regulate the killer activity of NK cells and how to regulate NK receptor-ligand interactions to improve antitumor effects.