晶界的存在对金属和合金的各种性质有重要影响,这点已为人所共知;另方面,对晶界的结构,近来也从理论上和实验上搞清了。为弄清楚在金属及合金中的晶界结构与某些特性之间的关系,在我们的研究中对诸如晶界滑移、晶界偏析以及由于液态金属引起的脆裂等进行了若干实验。本文即根据这些实验写出的。必须强调的是,以上这些特性在很大程度上取决于晶界结构。 It is well known that the presence of grain boundaries has an important influence on the properties of metals and alloys. On the other hand, the structure of the grain boundaries has recently been both theoretically and experimentally clarified. In order to understand the relationship between grain boundary structures and certain properties in metals and alloys, several experiments such as grain boundary slip, grain boundary segregation and embrittlement due to liquid metals have been performed in our study. This article is based on these experiments wrote. It must be emphasized that these characteristics depend to a large extent on the grain boundary structure.