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马国贤是18世纪初将西方油画和铜版画技法传入中国的重要人物。但由于他不是一名耶稣会士,在中国逗留的时间也不太长,研究中国天主教史的学者对此并没有引起较多的关注;更由于他在中国的画迹早已荡然无存,使中国绘画史界对此也无人知晓。 90年代以来,一些国际美术展览对马国贤的作品有所提及。②然而,马国贤在中国的艺术活动及其水平、技能尚未廓清。笔者根据台湾现存的一套铜版画《避暑山庄三十六景图》,并对照国内同一主题、内容的两套木版画,③结合马国贤的生平事例,对马氏来华的绘画活动与上述铜版组画的特点和价值试作一初步的探讨,并以此求教于专家学者。
Ma Guoxian was an important figure who introduced western oil painting and copper engraving techniques into China in the early 18th century. However, since he is not a Jesuits, his stay in China is not too long. Scholars who studied the history of Chinese religions have not drawn much attention to this. Even more, because of his long absence in China, No one knows about the history of Chinese painting. Since the 1990s, some international art exhibitions have mentioned Ma Guoxian’s works. However, Ma Guoxian’s art activities in China and their level and skills have not yet been clarified. Based on a set of 36 lithographs of Mountain Resort in Taiwan and the two sets of woodblock prints of the same theme and content in China, the author combines the painting activities of Mr. Ma with China The characteristics and value of a preliminary discussion, and thus seek advice in the field of experts and scholars.