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头颈部鳞状细胞癌(head and neck squamous cell carcinoma,HNSCC)是头颈部恶性肿瘤的主要病理类型,约占所有头颈部肿瘤的90%。而据我们临床所见,大约有70%~80%的患者就诊时已为局部晚期,其治疗效果欠佳,预后差。肿瘤标志物又叫做肿瘤标记物,是指特征性存在于恶性肿瘤细胞,或是由恶性肿瘤细胞异常而产生的物质,或是宿主对于肿瘤的刺激反应而产生的物质,并且能够反映肿瘤发生、发展,以及监测肿瘤对治疗反应的一类物质。作为近年来研究热点的肿瘤标志物,具有简便、经济、快速、无创的特点,更重要的是一些标志物在组织器官发生形态学变化之前就有表达。因此,肿瘤标志物的研究对头颈部鳞状细胞癌的早期诊断以及判断预后都具有十分重要的意义。本文综述近几年来发现的可能与头颈部鳞状细胞癌的发生发展或者预后相关的肿瘤标志物。
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the main pathological type of head and neck cancer, accounting for about 90% of all head and neck cancer. According to our clinical findings, about 70% to 80% of patients have been treated for advanced stage, its poor treatment, the prognosis is poor. Tumor markers, also known as tumor markers, refer to those that are characteristic of malignant tumor cells or those produced by the abnormality of malignant tumor cells, or produced by the host in response to tumors, and are capable of reflecting tumorigenesis, Development, and monitoring of tumor response to treatment of a class of substances. As a hotspot in recent years, tumor markers have the characteristics of simplicity, economy, rapidity and noninvasiveness. More importantly, some markers express before the morphological changes of tissues and organs occur. Therefore, the study of tumor markers for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma of the early diagnosis and prognosis are of great significance. This review summarizes the tumor markers that have been found in recent years that may be associated with the development or prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.