已经证实,卡介苗具有一系列的免疫生物学的作用,诸如:恢复全身的免疫功能;增强特异性肿瘤免疫力;激活局部和邻近区的宿主的防御机制以及刺激网状内皮系等。现已证明,各种相互无关的肿瘤抗原与卡介苗抗原部分交叉或具有与卡介苗抗原相似的作用。然而,还不能肯定这种交叉反应性是否就是卡介苗抗肿瘤作用的基础。不少的研究工作都强调了免疫疗法的区域性作用的重要性,并且提出所谓抗肿瘤作 Bacillus Calmette-Guérin has been shown to have a series of immunobiological effects such as: restoration of immune function throughout the body; enhancement of specific tumor immunity; defense mechanisms that activate hosts in local and proximal regions, and stimulation of the reticuloendothelial system. It has been demonstrated that various mutually unrelated tumor antigens cross partially with BCG antigens or have a similar role as BCG antigens. However, it is not yet certain whether this cross-reactivity is the basis of the anti-tumor effect of BCG. Many studies have emphasized the importance of the regional role of immunotherapy, and put forward the so-called anti-tumor