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目的了解汕尾市宝石加工行业工作场所粉尘水平及其现状,为采取有效的粉尘防控措施提供依据。方法采取单纯随机抽样的方法,抽取已完成职业病危害申报的18家宝石加工企业,进行现场职业卫生调查、粉尘及游离二氧化硅(SiO2)水平检测。结果总粉尘检测82个样品,粉尘质量浓度中位数(M)为0.84 mg/m3,超标率为13.41%;呼吸性粉尘共检测72个样品,呼吸性粉尘质量浓度M为0.29 mg/m3,超标率为9.72%。工作场所18个游离SiO2样品中,游离SiO2平均水平为62.89%,其中16个(占88.89%)样品粉尘中游离SiO2水平大于10.00%。结论汕尾市宝石加工企业粉尘中游离SiO2水平高,工作场所粉尘超标严重,对接尘工人健康危害大。
Objective To understand the dust level in the workplace of gem processing industry in Shanwei City and its status quo to provide basis for effective dust prevention and control measures. Methods A simple random sampling method was adopted to select 18 gem processing enterprises that have completed the reporting of occupational hazards and conducted on-site occupational health surveys, dust and free silica (SiO2) levels. Results A total of 82 samples were tested for total dust with a median dust concentration (M) of 0.84 mg / m3 and an overrun rate of 13.41%. A total of 72 samples were tested for respirable dust with a respiratory mass concentration M of 0.29 mg / m3. Exceeded the rate of 9.72%. Of the 18 samples of free SiO2 in the workplace, the average level of free SiO2 was 62.89%, of which 16 samples (88.89%) showed greater than 10.00% free SiO2 in the dust. Conclusion Shanwei gem processing enterprises in the high level of free SiO2 dust, dust in the workplace exceeded the standard seriously harmful to the dust workers.