2000年,童庆炳先生的在《学术研究》(第一期)发表了《意识审美形态作为文艺学的第一原理》,阐发文学意识形态性在当下仍然是文学的第一要素。立刻引起了以董学文为代表的一些学者的反对。可见,对文学本质的探寻,历时时间长,争论很大,其中便随着对马克思经典文艺理论的阐发,其实正是马克思主义中国化的丰富理解。本文尝试对这个论题进行理解。 In 2000, Mr. Tong Qingbing published “The First Principle of Consciousness and Aesthetic Form as the First Principle of Literature and Art” in “Academic Research” (the first issue), and elucidated that literary ideology still remains the first element of literature in the present. Immediately aroused the opposition of some scholars represented by Dong Xuewen. It can be seen that the exploration of the essence of literature lasted a long time and debated very much. In particular, with the elucidation of Marx’s classical theory of literature and art, it is actually an abundant understanding of the localization of Marxism in China. This article attempts to understand this topic.