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双边投资条约所体现的“国家—投资者—国家”的特殊“三方”关系,决定了双边投资条约冲突条款具有特殊内涵。《维也纳条约法公约》第30条及相关习惯法并不能完全适用于双边投资条约冲突的解决,制定专门的冲突条款成为解决双边投资条约冲突的必然选择。2004年《美国双边投资条约范本》制定了大量的冲突条款来解决各种类型的条约冲突。改变以更优待遇条款代替冲突条款的落后方式,是我国应对日益复杂的国际投资法律环境和国际法不成体系状况,以及便捷、高效解决投资争议的迫切要求。
The special “tripartite ” relationship of “state-investor-state” embodied in the BITs determines the special connotation of the conflict clause of the BIT. Article 30 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties and the related customary law can not be fully applied to the settlement of the conflicts of the bilateral investment treaties. Therefore, the formulation of the special articles of conflict has become the inevitable choice for resolving the conflicts over the bilateral investment treaties. The 2004 United States Model Bilateral Investment Treaty sets out a large number of conflict clauses to resolve various types of treaty conflicts. To change the backward mode of replacing the conflict clauses with better treatment clauses is an urgent requirement for our country to cope with the increasingly complex legal environment for international investment and the fragmentation of international law as well as to solve the investment disputes conveniently and efficiently.