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通过野外调查和室内分析,测定了武夷山风景区和九曲溪生态保护区内岩茶土壤重金属含量和肥力指标,并对土壤重金属污染特征和土壤肥力质量进行了评价。结果表明:(1)土壤Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr和Ni的含量范围分别为23.12~66.13mg kg-1、76.51~145.69 mg kg-1、44.92~94.72 mg kg-1、50.33~65.83 mg kg-1和17.75~35.40 mg kg-1,均在我国土壤背景值范围内,整体上高于福建省土壤元素背景值,均低于无公害茶园土壤标准。(2)根据国家《土壤环境质量标准》一级标准,武夷山风景区内茶园土壤重金属达到轻污染,九曲溪生态保护区内的茶园土壤重金属达到中污染;根据福建省土壤元素背景值,Hakanson潜在生态风险评价结果,单一重金属元素的潜在生态风险指数Eri<40,多元素潜在生态危害指数RI<150,茶园土壤重金属为轻微生态危害。(3)茶园土壤肥力中等,基本适宜于无公害茶园的建设,但九曲溪生态保护区内茶园土壤有效磷含量高达112.52 mg kg-1,因此磷素向区域内水体流失的风险较大,应引起特别关注。
Through field investigation and indoor analysis, the heavy metal content and fertility index of rock tea in Wuyishan Scenic Area and Jiuquxi Ecological Reserve were determined, and the characteristics of soil heavy metal pollution and soil fertility were evaluated. The results showed that: (1) The contents of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr and Ni in soils ranged from 23.12 to 66.13 mg kg-1,76.51 to 145.69 mg kg-1, 44.92 to 94.72 mg kg-1 and from 50.33 to 65.83 mg kg -1 and 17.75-35.40 mg kg-1, respectively, were all within the range of soil background values in China, which were generally higher than the background values of soil elements in Fujian Province, and were lower than those of non-polluted tea plantation soils. (2) According to the first grade of soil environmental quality standard of the country, the heavy metal in tea garden soil in Wuyishan scenic spot was lightly polluted and the heavy metal in the tea garden soil in Jiuquxi ecological protection area was polluted. According to the soil element background value in Fujian Province, Hakanson Potential ecological risk assessment results show that the potential ecological risk index of single heavy metal elements is Eri <40, the potential ecological risk index of multiple elements is RI <150, and the heavy metal in tea plantation soil is a minor ecological risk. (3) The soil fertility of the tea plantation is moderate and suitable for the construction of pollution-free tea plantations, but the content of available phosphorus in the tea plantation reaches as high as 112.52 mg kg-1 in Jiuquxi Ecological Reserve, so the risk of phosphorus loss to the water bodies in the area is larger, Special attention should be given.