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经两年的土培试验初步确定芝麻生长的土壤有效硼诊断指标为:小于0.2 mg/kg为严重缺乏,0.2—0.4 mg/kg为轻度缺乏,0.4—0.8 mg/kg为适宜浓度范围,超过1.0—1.5mg/kg为硼过量。缺硼使芝麻茎顶端生长点的生长分化缓慢或停止,严重时生长点坏死,而侧芽增生形成多头状。叶片小并呈齿状的新月形,同时叶片变薄变脆,茎基易腐烂倒伏。缺硼和硼过量均降低芝麻的产量。田间试验结果,单施硼肥增产不显著,而在适量氮肥和磷肥的基础上配合施用硼肥能显著地增加芝麻的产量。
After two years of soil culture experiments, the diagnostic indexes of soil available boron for sesame growth were determined as follows: less than 0.2 mg / kg for severe deficiency, 0.2-0.4 mg / kg for mild deficiency, 0.4-0.8 mg / kg for suitable concentration range, Exceeds 1.0-1.5 mg / kg is excess of boron. Boron deficiency causes the growth and differentiation of the top of stems of sesame to slow or stop growing, and the growth spots are necrotic in severe cases, while the side buds proliferate to form a long head. Small and crenate crescent-shaped leaves, while the leaves become thin and brittle, stem perishable lodging. Boron deficiency and boron excess reduce sesame production. The result of field experiment showed that the yield increase of single boron fertilizer was not significant, while the application of boron fertilizer on the basis of appropriate amount of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer could significantly increase the yield of sesame.