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与烯烃的加氢相比,苯环的加氢需要较激烈的反应条件。虽然已有很多可用于芳香族化合物加氢的多相催化剂,但大部分的催化活性和选择性较低。最近发现有一些有机金属络合物,如(η~3-C_3H_5)Co[P(OMe)_3]_3、[Rh(η~5-C_5Me_5)Cl_2]_2·Et_3N和[η~6-C_6Me_6)Ru(μ-H_2)(μ-Cl)Ru(η~6-C_6Me_6)]Cl在温和条件下对芳香族化合物的均相催化加氢较为有效。但这些均相催化剂不太稳定,而且不容易从反应产物中分离出,也不易回收使用。为了克服这些缺点,这十年来,高分子金属催化剂的研究很活跃。聚酰胺-铂络合物和具有邻氨基苯甲酸基团的聚苯乙烯-铑络合物可作为苯加氢催化剂,但需要高温或高压的反应条件。我们曾制备了二氧化硅为载体的聚酰胺-铑络合物和二甲氨基或吗啉基取代的聚氯乙烯-铑络合物,并证明在常温常压下能够催
Compared with the hydrogenation of olefins, hydrogenation of benzene rings requires more intense reaction conditions. Although there are many heterogeneous catalysts that can be used to hydrogenate aromatics, most of them have low catalytic activity and selectivity. Recently some organometallic complexes have been found, such as (η ~ 3-C_3H_5) Co [P (OMe) _3] _3, [Rh (η ~ 5-C_5Me_5) Cl_2] _2 · Et_3N and [η ~ 6-C_6Me_6) Ru (μ-H 2) (μ-Cl) Ru (η ~ 6-C 6 Me 6)] Cl is more effective for the homogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of aromatics under mild conditions. However, these homogeneous catalysts are less stable and do not readily separate from the reaction product and are not easily recyclable. In order to overcome these shortcomings, the research of polymer metal catalysts has been very active in these ten years. Polyamide-platinum complexes and polystyrene-rhodium complexes with anthranilate groups are useful as benzene hydrogenation catalysts but require high temperature or high pressure reaction conditions. We have prepared a silica-supported polyamide-rhodium complex and a dimethylamino or morpholino-substituted polyvinyl chloride-rhodium complex and have demonstrated that at normal temperature and pressure,