您针对Ti Al基合金的研究取得了系列成果,针对难热加工塑性变形材料,提出了“包套锻准等静压快速变形”方法;建立起包括Ti-Al、Fe-Al和Ni-Al 3大类组成的整个Al系金属间化合物多孔材料体系框架等,请简单介绍一下您的主要研究项目,您认为Ti Al基合金近几年的研究热点有哪些?贺跃辉:本人开展金属间化合物的研究工作多年,早期主要是针对Ti Al基合金难热加工变形性问题开展了包套锻热机械复合处理新技术研究,实现了在普通油压机上对加热坯构筑了一个准等静压环境,有效地(2)大尺寸类单晶制备,特别是掌握实现Ti Al基合金工程化应用的降低锻坯的最大剪应力。同时,钢包结构均匀、位向一致可控的类单晶材关键技术,特别是加强Ti Al基合金套起到了有效隔热保温效果,由此,料及制件。成形和加工方面的相关基础研究。获得80%变形量的完整锻坯。(3)无铸造缺陷Ti Al基合金铸(1)新的服役要求评价和材料(3)实现了Ti Al基合金在件的制造。设计思想的提出,在原来的强度、韧1×10-1S-1下顺利变形,有效地抑制(4)Ti Al基合金服役条件评价性设计基础上,发展损伤容限等设计了动态再结晶的发生,储存的变形能及安全设计。方法。为后续的热处理获得细小均匀组织、(5)Ti Al基合金多孔材料及多(2)提高材料制备技术水平,特自主调节显微组织提供了基础。孔膜的制备及应用,解决酸性、含Cl、别是大尺寸Ti Al基合金铸锭成分均同时,基于Al系金属间化合含盐、高温等极端服役环境的分离、匀性的保障,铸锭的应力控制及消物兼备金属及陶瓷材料的优点,具提取和净化等孔分离材料亟需额技除。有主成分元素之间大的扩散系数术难题。(3)金属间化合物功能化和功差异的特质,提出通过元素混合粉(6)表面涂层材料。添加N、C、能、结构一体化应用的发展。Kir Kendall效应自主控制,制备Al系Cr、Si、Ta等合金化元素,形成高抗(4)针对Ti Al基合金实用化的金属间化合物多孔材料/多孔膜,解氧化、热屏障、高润滑、高耐磨的刀实现,原创性思想的提出。决极端环境下气/固、液/固分离、具、工具表面涂层材料。(5)坚持不懈地开展Ti Al基合净化的多孔材料亟需的难题。完成(7)高品质粉末冶金Ti Al基合金应用面临的室温塑性低,难热加工Ti Al基合金、Ni Al基合金、Fe Al基合金制品的制造技术路线的打通。变形、成形,高温抗氧化性不足的金、Ti-Si系金属间化合物、Ti-Si-C:我国在Ti Al基合金的研究大问题研究。系金属陶瓷等一系列金属间化合物方面,已有近30年的积累,直到目:增材制造工艺能够适应各及金属陶瓷多孔材料/多孔膜的制前,Ti Al合金仍没有得到广泛的工种尺寸,不同复杂程度构件,各种难备技术研究,实现其孔结构自主可控程化应用,是什么制约了Ti Al基合熔、高强度金属材料的直接成形制及大尺寸形状复杂制品的近净成形,金的应用?如果将其推广应用,在基造。请问增材制造技术在Ti Al基合进一步发挥金属间化合物的金属键础研究、成形工艺以及其他各方面还金的加工成形中发挥了怎样的作和共价键共存的混键结构特性,开发需攻克哪些关键技术?用?能否解决Ti Al基合金加工难度金属间化合物粘结剂新型超硬材料贺跃辉:目前,世界上的主要航大、成形困难的难题?还存在哪些无制品,解决超硬材料制品长期未解空发动机公司(如GE、Rolls-Royce法解决的问题?的开刃锋利和保型寿命这一对矛盾;和P&W)都致力于Ti Al基合金的工贺跃辉:增材制造成为当今材研究耐强酸腐蚀,抗大电流电化学腐程化应用开发,并主要集中在低压涡料领域热点方向,解决了传统制造很蚀及新鲜氧原子氧化的金属间化合轮的最后一级或两级的工作叶片开多技术难题。Ti Al基合金属于难加物,解决溶液电解Pb阳极替代材料发。中国科学院金属研究所参与了工成形材料,在采用增材制造制备时亟需的问题。Rolls-Royce所开发的Ti Al基合金低需要考虑一些特殊技术问题:由于Ti Al基合金具有高的比强压涡轮叶片的精密铸造工艺的试验(1)Ti Al粉末制备难题,需要发度、比刚度,以及较好的高温抗蠕变、研究,我国也具有一定的Ti Al基合展无坩埚污染熔炼技术;耐腐蚀性能,是一种非常有潜力的轻金工程化应用的实力和经验。(2)Ti Al合金粉末的防氧化问质高温结构材料,所以,近些年来,经过多年的研究,虽然Ti Al基题,Ti Al合金粉末表面氧化形成的Ti Al基合金一直是一些高等院校和合金在性能改善方面取得了很大的Ti O2和Al2O3属于高化学稳定性的科研院所的研究热点。研究方向主进步,并在航空航天和汽车工业等领氧化物,会造成粉末冶金材料的原始要集中在以下几方面。域得到了一些应用,但是距大规模的颗粒形成的内界面非冶金结合;(1)高Nb合金化Ti Al基合金。工程化应用还有很大的差距,其主要(3)Ti Al基合金属于低塑性材通过较高含量Nb的添加,进一步提原因包括:(1)本征室温脆性未能得料,其塑性对合金含氧量十分敏感;高Ti Al基合金的高温强度、抗氧化到解决;(2)加工成形难的问题;(3)(4)Ti Al基合金的主要元素Ti性、抗蠕变强度。需要解决的主要问高温抗蠕变强度不足及抗高温氧化Al蒸汽压差别较大,受电子束或激题有:熔炼、铸造合金的成分均匀性;能力不足等问题。光束能量高集中度加热,成分准确控难热加工变形性和成形性。如果将其推广应用,国内还需要制问题。(责编大漠 A series of achievements have been made in the research of TiAl-based alloys. Aimed at the hard-to-be-processed plastic deformation materials, a new method named " -Al 3 categories of the entire composition of Al-based intermetallic compound porous material system framework, please briefly introduce your major research projects, Ti Al-based alloys in recent years, what are your research hot? He Yuehui: I carry out the metal Compounds for many years of research work, mainly for the early deformation of Ti Al-based alloys difficult to heat deformation of the package forging heat treatment of mechanical composite processing of new technologies to achieve the realization of the ordinary hydraulic press on the heating billet to build a quasi-isostatic environment , Effectively (2) preparation of large-sized single crystal, in particular, the realization of Ti Al-based alloy engineering applications to reduce the maximum shear stress forging. At the same time, the ladle structure is uniform, the direction of a consistent controllable single crystal-like key technology, in particular, to strengthen the Ti Al-based alloy sleeve played an effective thermal insulation effect, thus, materials and parts. Forming and processing related to basic research. Get a complete deformation of the amount of 80% forging. (3) Casting Defects Ti Al-based Alloy Casting (1) New Service Requirements Evaluation and Materials (3) TiAl-based alloy in-parts manufacturing was achieved. The design idea is put forward that it can smoothly deform under the original strength of 1 × 10-1S-1 and effectively restrain (4) the evaluation design of the service conditions of TiAl-based alloys, and develop the damage tolerance. The dynamic recrystallization The occurrence, storage of deformation energy and safety design. method. For the subsequent heat treatment to obtain a fine uniform, (5) Ti Al-based alloy porous material and more (2) to improve the level of material preparation technology, special regulation of the microstructure provides the foundation. Hole film preparation and application, to solve the acidic, containing Cl, not large TiAl-based alloy ingot composition are the same time, based on the Al-based intermetallic compound salt, high temperature and other extreme service environment separation, uniformity protection, casting Ingot stress control and consumption of both metal and ceramic materials advantages, with extraction and purification of pore separation materials such as the need to remove the amount of technology. Difficult problems with large diffusion coefficient between the main component elements. (3) The intermetallic compound functionalization and work difference characteristics proposed by the elemental mixed powder (6) surface coating material. Add N, C, energy, structural integration of application development. Kir Kendall effect autocontrols to prepare Al-based alloying elements such as Cr, Si and Ta to form high resistance (4) Intermetallic porous material / porous membrane for TiAl-based alloy practical use, deoxidation, thermal barrier, , High wear-resistant knife to achieve the originality of ideas put forward. Solve extreme conditions gas / solid, liquid / solid separation, with tools, surface coating materials. (5) It is an urgent need to persevere in the development of TiAl-based porous materials. Completed (7) High quality PM Ti-based alloy applications Facing room temperature low plasticity, difficult to heat processing Ti Al-based alloys, Ni Al-based alloys, Fe Al-based alloy products manufacturing technology to get through. Deformation, Forming, High-temperature Oxidation-deficient Gold, Ti-Si-based Intermetallics, Ti-Si-C: A Study on the Major Problems of Ti Al-based Alloys in China. Department of metal ceramics and a series of intermetallic compounds, has accumulated nearly 30 years until the head: the additive manufacturing process to adapt to and before the porous metal / porous membrane system, TiAl alloy is still not a wide range of types of work Size, different complexity of the components, a variety of technical research of refractory to achieve its pore structure can be controlled by the process of application, which restricts the Ti Al-based fusion, high-strength metal materials and direct the formation of large complex shape products Near net shape, the application of gold? If its application, in the foundation. Will the addition of manufacturing technology in Ti Al-based further play the intermetallic compound metal bond research, forming process and other aspects of gold processing and forming what kind of covalent bond coexistence with the co-existence of bond structure, development What are the key technologies to overcome? Use? Can solve the difficulty of Ti Al-based alloys Intermetallic compounds binder New super-hard materials He Yuehui: At present, the world’s main aeronautic, forming difficult problems? There are still no products to solve Super hard materials products have long been the engine of the company (such as GE, Rolls-Royce law solve the problem of sharp edge and the life cycle of this contradiction; and P & W) are committed to Ti Al-based alloy He Hefei: by Today’s materials research and development of resistance to acid corrosion resistance, high current electrochemical corrosion of the application development, and mainly concentrated in the field of low-pressure vortex direction, to solve the traditional manufacture of very corrosion and fresh oxygen atoms oxidation of the intermetallic compound wheel One or two levels of work leaves open more technical problems. Ti Al-based alloy is a refractory material that solves the problem of electrolytic solution of Pb anode material. Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences involved in the forming materials, the use of additive manufacturing preparation of much-needed problems. TiAl-based alloys developed by Rolls-Royce need to consider some special technical issues: TiAl-based alloys with high strength and pressure turbine blades of the precision casting test (1) Ti Al powder preparation problems, the need for hair, than the Stiffness, and better high temperature creep resistance, research, our country also has a certain Ti Al-based exhibition without crucible pollution melting technology; corrosion resistance, is a very promising light-weight engineering applications of strength and experience. Therefore, in recent years, after many years of research, Ti Al-based alloys formed on the surface of TiAl alloy powders have been some of the most advanced School and alloy in the performance improvement has made great Ti O2 and Al2O3 belongs to the high chemical stability of research institutes research hot spots. The main advances in the research direction, and in the aerospace and automotive industries lead oxides, will result in the original powder metallurgy materials to be focused on the following aspects. The domains have some applications, but are non-metallurgically bonded to the interfacial interface formed by large particles; (1) high NbGold-plated Ti Al-based alloy. Engineering applications there is a big gap, the main (3) Ti Al-based low-plasticity in the plastic material through the addition of a higher content of Nb, to further mention the reasons include: (1) Intrinsic room temperature brittleness failed to obtain the plastic (3) (4) Ti Al-based alloy of the main elements of Ti, creep resistance strength. The main problem to be solved is the lack of high temperature creep strength and high temperature resistant Al vapor pressure difference is greater by the electron beam or excitement are: melting, casting alloy composition uniformity; lack of capacity and other issues. The beam energy is highly concentrated heating, the composition of the exact control difficult to heat deformation and formability. If its promotion and application, the domestic need to system problems. (Responsible for desert