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华南是中国重要的钨、锡、铋、铜、银、锑、汞、稀有、重稀土、金和铅锌多金属重要成矿省,成矿时代以中-新生代为主。众多学者通过野外调查、构造变形解析、科学深钻、年代学研究等方法对华南各个区域进行构造地质学研究,并取得重要成果。但对整个华南中生代构造演化过程的认识依然存在分歧,这主要归咎于不同学者根据局部研究成果或单一地质要素对华南构造演化进行讨论。系统总结前人在华南研究的成果,对华南早燕山期古地层产出状态、古地理变化、古构造应力场、构造变形样式、岩浆记录等多种地质要素进行归纳。初步认为华南早燕山中晚期处于SEE-NWW或近EW向挤压构造背景下,时间界限大致为170~135 Ma,推测挤压事件可能是成矿大爆发开始的前奏,挤压作用将成矿物质预富集,形成矿化区域,为后期成矿作用提供物质基础及成矿有利空间。
South China is an important important metallogeny province of China for tungsten, tin, bismuth, copper, silver, antimony, mercury, rare earths, heavy rare earths, gold and lead-zinc polymetallics. Many scholars conducted tectonic geology studies in various regions of South China through field investigation, structural deformation analysis, scientific drilling, and chronological studies, and achieved important results. However, there is still some disagreement on the understanding of the tectonic evolution of the whole South China, which is mainly attributed to the discussion of the evolution of South China by different scholars based on the results of local research or single geological elements. This paper systematically summarizes the achievements of previous studies in South China, and summarizes the geological features of ancient stratigraphy, palaeogeographic change, paleotectonic stress field, tectonic deformation patterns and magmatic records in the early Yanshanian region of South China. It is preliminarily believed that the early Yanshanian of South China is in the mid-late SEE-NWW or near-EW crustal tectonic setting, and the time limit is about 170-135 Ma. It is presumed that the extrusion event may be the prelude to the onset of metallogenic outburst, Pre-enrichment, the formation of mineralized areas, to provide the material basis for post-metallogenic and mineralization favorable space.