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速度是地震勘探中最重要的参数之一,直接关系到叠加和偏移的质量。在常规的速度分析过程中,为了使CMP道集中的反射同相轴对的最齐而提取的叠加速度,是将地层假设成均匀介质,这在地层复杂地区会引起较大的误差。首先阐述了横向变速介质中叠加速度产生误差的原因,然后对天山南缘地区实际过井剖面进行波动方程正演模拟,分析了叠加速度误差产生的原因和大小,并探讨了消除误差的方法,为变速成图提供了更可靠的速度场。
Velocity is one of the most important parameters in seismic exploration and is directly related to the quality of overlay and offset. In the conventional velocity analysis, in order to make the most homogeneous extraction velocities of reflection pairs in a CMP gathers, the formation is assumed to be a homogeneous medium, which causes large errors in the complex formation. First of all, the reasons for the error of superposition velocity in transverse variable speed media are expounded. Then, the forward well wave simulation of the actual cross section in the southern margin of Tianshan Mountains is carried out. The reason and size of superposition velocity error are analyzed, and the method of eliminating error is discussed. Provide a more reliable velocity field for variable speed mapping.