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对奶牛粪好氧堆肥过程中不同含碳有机物的变化特征以及腐熟程度进行了研究。根据腐熟指标(温度、种子发芽率、种子发芽指数、大肠杆菌以及蛔虫卵死亡率)的要求,奶牛粪经过堆肥后能够达到腐熟要求。堆肥过程中全碳、易氧化有机碳呈逐渐下降趋势,腐殖酸碳呈逐渐增加的趋势;微生物量碳和水溶性碳呈先增后降而后平稳的变化趋势;氧化稳定系数和H/F比(胡敏酸与富里酸比值)呈先降后增的变化趋势,而胡敏酸的E4/E6值(465和665nm处吸光系数比值)与氧化稳定系数和H/F比变化趋势相反。通过相关性分析发现,堆肥过程中易氧化有机碳和腐殖酸碳是影响全碳变化的主要因素;易氧化有机碳、腐殖酸碳、氧化稳定系数、H/F比、E4/E6值均能很好地表征奶牛粪堆肥的腐殖化和稳定化程度;微生物量碳和水溶性碳之间存在相互转化的关系。
The changes of different carbon-containing organic compounds and the degree of maturity in cow dung aerobic composting were studied. According to the requirement of maturity index (temperature, seed germination rate, seed germination index, Escherichia coli and ascaris egg mortality), cow dung can reach the maturity requirement after composting. During composting, the contents of all-carbon and readily-oxidizable organic carbon tended to decrease gradually while that of humic acid tended to increase gradually. The microbial biomass carbon and water-soluble carbon tended to increase first and then decline and then change smoothly. The oxidation stability coefficient and H / F (Ratio of humic acid to fulvic acid) decreased first and then increased. However, the E4 / E6 values of humic acid (the ratio of absorbance at 465 and 665 nm) were opposite to those of oxidation stability coefficient and H / F ratio. Through the correlation analysis, it is found that the susceptible organic carbon and humic acid carbon are the major factors that affect the whole carbon change in composting process; the contents of EO, humic carbon, oxidation stability coefficient, H / F ratio, E4 / E6 The humification and stabilization of dairy manure composting can be well characterized. The relationship between microbial biomass carbon and water-soluble carbon is interconversion.