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目的掌握目前山西省饮水型氟中毒(地氟病)重病区地氟病病情现状,为制定科学有效的防治策略提供可靠依据。方法根据山西省地氟病重病区的分布特点,选取4个重病区县(区),每个病区县(区)按照分层整群抽样的方法抽取调查点,对每个调查点8～12岁儿童氟斑牙及成人重度氟骨症患者患病情况进行临床检查；水氟、尿氟采用氟离子选择电极法。结果各县(区)改水任务完成情况相差较大,改水完成率最低的是15．71%,最高为76．36%。大部分改水病区的水氟与改水前相比呈下降趋势,盐湖区下降幅度最大。儿童尿氟均值2．71mg/L,各县(区)病区中儿童氟斑牙患病程度不一,最高检出率为86．91%,未发现成人重度氟骨症患者。结论山西省水氟状况有所好转,地氟病病区病情依然较重,今后应加大改水力度,保证工程质量,进一步提高防治效果。
Objective To understand the current status of endemic fluorosis in drinking water-based fluorosis (Fluorosis) in Shanxi Province and provide a reliable basis for the establishment of a scientific and effective prevention and control strategy. Methods According to the distribution characteristics of endemic fluorosis in Shanxi Province, four districts (districts) were selected, and each district (district) was sampled according to stratified cluster sampling. Children aged 12 years with dental fluorosis and adult patients with severe skeletal fluorosis clinical examination; water fluoride, fluoride fluoride fluoride ion selective electrode method. Results The completion of water-diversion tasks in all counties (districts) varied greatly. The lowest water-completion rate was 15.71% and the highest was 76.36%. Water fluoride in most of the water-affected areas showed a downward trend compared with that before the water diversion, and the drop in the Salt Lake region was the largest. Children urinary fluoride mean 2.71mg / L, county (district) children’s dental fluorosis in varying degrees of prevalence, the highest detection rate was 86.91%, found no severe adult patients with skeletal fluorosis. Conclusion The water fluoride status in Shanxi Province has been improved. The disease in the endemic fluorosis area is still heavy. In the future, efforts should be made to improve the water quality, ensure the project quality and further improve the control effect.