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目的:了解针织厂一线车间工人变态反应性疾病的流行病学特点。方法:抽样选取本市25家针织厂1 280名农村务工人员作为调查组,同时选取从事其他行业的农村务工人员1 280名作为对照组,进行变态反应性疾病发病的调查和分析。结果:调查组中检出患有变态反应性疾病者204例,发病率为15.94%;对照组中检出患有变态反应性疾病者37例,发病率为2.89%。调查组发病率明显高于对照组,差异比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。工作5年以上发病率高于工作5年以下(包括5年),差异比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:农村务工人员进入针织厂一线车间工作后发生变态反应性疾病的几率增大,且从业时间越长,发病率越高,尤以工作5年后发病率明显上升。发病主要以上呼吸道、眼结膜和皮肤症状为主要表现。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of allergic diseases in first-line workshop workers in knitwear factories. Methods: A total of 1,280 rural workers from 25 knitters in this Municipality were selected as the investigation group. 1,280 rural workers engaged in other industries were selected as the control group to investigate and analyze the incidence of allergic diseases. Results: In the survey group, 204 cases with allergic diseases were detected, the incidence rate was 15.94%. In the control group, 37 cases with allergic diseases were detected, the incidence rate was 2.89%. The incidence of the investigation group was significantly higher than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The incidence of work more than 5 years than the work of 5 years (including 5 years), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: The incidence of allergic diseases in rural labor workers entering the first-line workshop of knitting factory is increased, and the longer the working time is, the higher the incidence is, especially after 5 years of work. The main symptoms of the upper respiratory tract, conjunctival and skin symptoms as the main performance.