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大脑具有极其复杂的功能,其物质代谢十分活跃,需要摄取大量的能源物质。最重要的能源物质是葡萄糖。脑每天平均需要116—145克葡萄糖,几乎每分钟每100克脑组织要摄取55毫克葡萄糖,平均每小时要消耗葡萄糖6—8克。在休息时,全身所需能量的20％用于供应脑细胞,所需葡萄糖总量的20％被大脑细胞所消耗。脑不仅消耗了较多的葡萄糖,还有一定的储备,大约每1克脑组织中储存着1—2微克分子量(μM)葡萄糖或糖元,以及3μM的三磷酸腺苷(ATP)。
The brain has extremely complex functions, its material metabolism is very active, need to absorb a large amount of energy substances. The most important energy source is glucose. The brain requires on average 116-145 grams of glucose per day, almost 55 mg of glucose per 100 grams of brain tissue per minute, and an average of 6-8 grams of glucose per hour. At rest, 20% of the total body needed energy is supplied to brain cells, and 20% of the total amount of glucose required is consumed by the brain cells. Not only does the brain consume more glucose, but there is also a reserve of about 1-2 micrograms of molecular weight (μM) glucose or glycogen, and 3 μM adenosine triphosphate (ATP), stored in about 1 gram of brain tissue.