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目的测定中国城市现阶段膳食模式下健康乳母不同阶段乳汁中α-亚麻酸(ALA)、亚油酸(LA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)及花生四烯酸(AA)含量,以了解我国婴儿营养需求。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,收集中国三城市乳母第0～4 d,5～11 d,12～30 d,31～60 d,61～120 d及121～180 d的乳样共计540份。乳样中ALA、LA、DHA、AA和EPA含量的测定采用气相色谱法。结果母乳中ALA、LAD、HA、AA和EPA的含量存在较大的个体差异。ALA、LA和EPA含量随泌乳时间逐渐增高;而AA和DHA的含量则随泌乳时间降低。AA与DHA之比随泌乳时间而逐渐增加,初乳、过度乳中AA:DHA比值分别为1.84和1.66,成熟乳中AA:DHA在1.93～2.54之间。结论 DHA,LA,EPA、ALA和LA的含量存在个体差异,且随哺乳时间而改变。中国乳母乳汁中多不饱和脂肪酸的含量与国外有差异,是否是由于饮食影响尚需进一步研究。
Objective To determine the levels of α-linolenic acid (ALA), linoleic acid (LA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in different stages of healthy maternal milk in dietary mode of Chinese cities. And arachidonic acid (AA) content in order to understand the needs of infant nutrition in our country. Methods The milk samples were collected from 0 to 4 days, 5 to 11 days, 12 to 30 days, 31 to 60 days, 61 to 120 days and 121 to 180 days of three generations in three cities in China by stratified random sampling method. 540 parts. Determination of milk samples ALA, LA, DHA, AA and EPA content using gas chromatography. Results There was a large individual difference in the contents of ALA, LAD, HA, AA and EPA in breast milk. The content of ALA, LA and EPA increased gradually with the time of lactation, while the content of AA and DHA decreased with the time of lactation. The ratio of AA to DHA gradually increased with the time of lactation. The ratios of AA: DHA in colostrum and overexpression were 1.84 and 1.66, respectively. The AA: DHA in mature milk was between 1.93 and 2.54. Conclusion There are individual differences in the contents of DHA, LA, EPA, ALA and LA, which change with breast-feeding time. The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in China’s lactating milk is different from that in other countries. Whether it is due to dietary influences needs further study.