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以N-甲基咪唑、1,2-二甲基咪唑和2-氯乙醇为原料,经季铵化、硝化和复分解反应,合成了一系列咪唑类含能离子液体.通过紫外可见光谱、红外光谱、质谱、核磁共振和元素分析等对结构进行了表征.研究了其在常用有机溶剂中的溶解性,结果表明所合成的咪唑类含能离子液体在极性溶剂中具有良好的溶解性.采用热重分析法和差示扫描量热法研究了其热性能,结果表明所合成的含能离子液体具有良好的热稳定性,其中N-硝酰氧乙基咪唑硝酸盐的分解温度均在160℃左右,而N-羟乙基咪唑离子盐的分解温度均超过了190℃.差示扫描量热技术(DSC)实验表明,1-(2-硝酰氧乙基)-3-甲基咪唑硝酸盐和N-羟乙基咪唑类离子盐在二次升温过程中均发生了玻璃化转变,表现出了离子液体的特有性质.采用Kamlet-Jacobs方程估算了合成的含能离子液体的爆速和爆压等爆轰参数.
A series of imidazole-type ionic liquids were synthesized by quaternization, nitration and metathesis reaction using N-methylimidazole, 1,2-dimethylimidazole and 2-chloroethanol as raw materials.Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, infrared The structures were characterized by UV-Vis, MS, 1H NMR and elemental analyzes. The solubility of these compounds in common organic solvents was investigated. The results showed that the imidazolium-containing ionic liquids had good solubility in polar solvents. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry were used to investigate the thermal properties of the ionic liquids. The results showed that the synthesized ionic liquids with good thermal stability have good thermal stability. Among them, the decomposition temperature of N-nitroxyethylimidazolium nitrate 160 ℃, while the decomposition temperature of N-hydroxyethylimidazolium salt exceeded190 ℃ .DISC measurement showed that 1- (2-nitroxyethyl) -3-methyl Imidazolium nitrate and N-hydroxyethyl imidazolium ion all undergo vitrification in the course of the second temperature increase, showing the peculiar properties of the ionic liquids. The detonation velocities of the synthesized Ionic liquids were estimated by the Kamlet-Jacobs equation And explosion pressure and other detonation parameters.