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马铃薯糖苷生物碱是一类有异味有毒性的含氨甾族化合物，其致毒机理与有机磷杀虫剂相似，表现出对人体内胆碱酯酶活性的抑制，使胆碱能神经兴奋增强，引起一系列中毒症状。从块茎萌发芽中提取的总糖苷生物碱的毒性较高，对人血胆碱酯酶的体外抑制率为６３．０８％，单个糖苷生物碱（α茄碱和α卡茄碱）的毒性较低，抑制率分别为５２．０８％和４１．１５％，总糖苷生物碱的水解产物糖苷配基基本无毒性，抑制率仅为１１．３６％。
Potato glycoside alkaloids are a class of odor-containing ammonia-containing steroids, its mechanism of toxicity and organic phosphorus insecticides similar to the human body showed inhibition of cholinesterase activity, so that increased excitability of cholinergic nerve , Causing a series of poisoning symptoms. The toxicity of total glycoside alkaloids extracted from tuber germination buds was higher, the inhibition rate to human blood cholinesterase was 63.08%. The toxicity of single glycoside alkaloids (α-solanine and α-carnitine) Low, inhibition rates were 52.08% and 41.15%, the total glycoside alkaloid hydrolysates aglycone basically non-toxic, the inhibition rate was only 11.36%.