市场经济与道德发展的关系问题,既是建立社会主义市场经济大环境下,德育理论面临的重大课题,也是当前德育研究中的一个热点.问题的答案,尽管仁智互见、褒贬不齐,但在理论归结上,概括起来无非两种观点,即“今不如昔”论和“负效应”论.前者慨叹世风日下,今非昔比,市场经济导致了道德滑坡.后者认为市场经济的建立和发展一方面推动了道德进步,这是正面效应,是主要的;另一方面也有负面效应,是次要的.相比之下,这后一种观点颇显客观,似是而非,所以时下也比较流行.但笔者认为,“今不如昔”固然偏激,“负效应”论也不能说就抓住了问题的本质.实际上,两种观点是程度不同地陷入了同一个误区,即市场经济对道德发展具有消极影响(这里姑且先撇开程度和主次问题).所以,弄清这一点成了我们探讨的问题的关键.认为市场经济对道德发展具有消极作用的观点,有其认识根源和现实基础.所以在这两方面作其思维脉络和模式的勾画,是澄清问题的首要一步. The issue of the relationship between market economy and moral development is not only a major issue facing the theory of moral education in the context of establishing a socialist market economy but also a hot spot in current moral education research. In theory, the theory summed up nothing more than two kinds of views, namely, “not as good as the past” theory and “the negative effect.” The former laments the worldly rule and today’s fallacy and the market economy has led to a moral decline.The latter thinks that the establishment of a market economy On the one hand, promoting moral progress on the other hand is a positive effect, a major one; on the other hand, it also has a negative effect and is secondary. In contrast, this latter view is rather objective and plausible, Popular.But I think, “not as good as the past” is of course extreme, “negative effect” theory can not say that seize the essence of the problem.In fact, the two views are different degrees into the same error, namely, the market economy The moral development has a negative impact (let’s leave aside the degree and the primary and secondary issues here), so to clarify this point has become the crux of the problem we are discussing, thinking that the market economy has a negative effect on moral development Point of view, has its own source of understanding and the basis of reality, so in these two aspects of their thinking context and pattern outlined is to clarify the issue of the first step.